Contents Perl File open operation

Perl Introduction

Perl first script

Perl syntax

Perl Variables

Perl strings

Perl numbers

Perl arithmatic operators

Perl if  else statements

Perl Loops

Perl Hashes

Perl File Handling

Perl File open operation

Perl File creation

Perl  File read

Perl File copy

Perl File delete

Perl taking input from user

Perl database interaction

Perl DBI connect

Perl DBI query

Perl MySQL module

Perl select database

Perl Mysql Query

Programming in Perl

Perl - File Open

Files are opened using the open and sysopen function. Nothing fancy here at all. Either function may be passed up to 4 arguments, the first is always the file handle discussed earlier, then our file name also known as a URL or filepath, flags, and finally any permissions to be granted to this file.

When opening files as a programmer, there will generally be one of three goals in mind, file creation, appending files, or trunicating files.

Create:Checks to see if the file exists, if not, perl creates a new file.
Append:Sets the pointer to the end of the file, all output following will be added onto the tail end of the file.
Truncate:Overwrites your existing file with a new one, this means all data in the old file will be lost.

PERL - Open a File

The following example will open a previously saved HTML document.

PERL Code:

#!/usr/bin/perl

print "content-type: text/html \n\n"; #The header

$FH = "filehandle";
$FilePath = "myhtml.html";

open(FH, $FilePath, permissions);
or
sysopen(FH, $FileName, permission);

Files with special characters or unusual names are best opened by first declaring the URL as a variable. This method removes any confusion that might occur as PERL tries to interpret the code. Tildas in filenames however require a brief character substitution step before they can be placed into your open statements.

PERL - File Permissions

File permissions are crucial to file security and function. For instance, in order to function, a PERL file (.pl) must have executable file permissions in order to function on your web server. Also, you may not want all of your HTML files to be set to allow others to write to them or over them. Here's a listing of what to pass to the open function when working with file handles.

Shorthand Flags:

Entities Definition
< or r Read Only Access
> or w Creates, Writes, and Truncates
>> or a Writes, Appends, and Creates
+< or r+ Reads and Writes
+> or w+ Reads, Writes, Creates, and Truncates
+>> or a+ Reads, Writes, Appends, and Creates

O_ Flags:

Value Definition
O_RDWR Read and Write
O_RDONLY Read Only
O_WRONLY Write Only
O_CREAT Create the file
O_APPEND Append the file
O_TRUNC Truncate the file
O_EXCL Stops if file already exists
O_NONBLOCK Non-Blocking usability

PERL Code:

#!/usr/bin/perl

print "content-type: text/html \n\n"; #The header
use Fcntl; #The Module

sysopen (HTML, '/home/html/myhtml.html', O_RDWR|O_EXCL|O_CREAT, 0755);
sysopen (HTML, >myhtml.html');
 
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